85018000
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF SUCH ARTICLES›Electric motors and generators (excluding generating sets)
Photovoltaic AC generators
Standard EU duty
2.7%
VAT
23%
Additional duties / sanctions
0 rules
Docs required
29 docs
X858Y811L152Y727Y728Y870+23
Standard rates
| Applies to | Type | Rate | Conditions | Regulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERGA OMNES | Third country duty | 2.7% | - | R1832/21 |
Preferences
ERGA OMNES 0%ERGA OMNES 0%AD 0%AL 0%BA 0%CA 0%CAMER 0%CARI 0%CH 0%CI 0%CL 0%CM 0%CO 0%DZ 0%EBA 0%EC 0%EEA 0%EG 0%EH 0%ESA 0%EUCA 0%FJ 0%FO 0%GB 0%GE 0%GH 0%GSP 0%GSP+ 0%IL 0%JO 0%JP 0%KE 0%KR 0%LB 0%LOMB 0%MA 0%MD 0%ME 0%MK 0%MX 0%NZ 0%PE 0%PG 0%PS 0%SADC EPA 0%SB 0%SG 0%SM 0%SWITZ 0%SY 0%TN 0%TR 0%UA 0%VN 0%WS 0%XC 0%XK 0%XL 0%XS 0%ZA 0%
Notes
TM5101. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of goods intended for incorporation in the ships, boats or other vessels classified at the following CN codes 8901 10 10; 8901 20 10; 8901 30 10; 8901 90 10; 8902 00 10; 8903 91 10; 8903 92 10; 8904 00 10; 8904 00 91; 8905 10 10; 8905 90 10; 8906 10 00; 8906 90 10 for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for fitting to or equipping such ships, boats or other vessels.2. Customs duties shall be suspended in respect of:(a) goods intended for incorporation in drilling or production platforms:(1) fixed, of subheading ex 8430 49, operating in or outside the territorial sea of Member States, or(2) floating or submersible, of subheading 8905 20, for the purposes of their construction, repair, maintenance or conversion, and in respect of goods intended for equipping the said platforms.(b) tubes, pipes, cables and their connection pieces, linking these drilling or production platforms to the mainland.
EU003According to The Special Provisions of Section II (A) (3) of the Preliminary Provisions of the Combined Nomenclature the suspension of customs duties for goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms shall be subject to conditions laid down in the relevant provisions of the European Union with a view to customs control of the use of such goods.
CD333The autonomous Common Customs Tariff duties laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 for parts, components and other goods of a kind to be incorporated in or used for aircraft and parts thereof in the course of their manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion is suspended.In order to benefit from the suspension, the declarant shall present to the customs authorities an Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1, as set out in Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, or an equivalent certificate.The certificates which are deemed to be equivalent to Authorised Release Certificates are listed in Annex II to the Regulation (EU) 2018/1517.
CD303The relief from or reduction of customs duties shall be subject to the specific request expressed by the declarant in box 44 "Additional information/Documents produced/Certificates and authorisations", of the Single Administrative Document (SAD)
TM904Preferences granted under the agreement between the European Union and Morocco in force from 19 July 2019.As of 3 October 2025, products originating in Western Sahara subject to controls by the customs authorities of the Kingdom of Morocco shall benefit from trade preferences under the terms of the new Agreement in the form of exchange of letters between the EU and Morocco, The European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco have agreed to allow those products to be identified by reference to the region of origin to be included in the proof of origin and as provided for in Protocol 4.In view of the application of these measures, the origin certificates codes U179 and U180 must be declared.The country code to be entered in the origin declaration when these proofs of origin are used is “EH”.
CD727Eligibility to benefit from this preference is subject to the presentation of an origin declaration stating the European Union origin of the goods, in the context of the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).
CD906The list of non-eligible locations and their postal codes is available at the following address: http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/technical-arrangement_postal-codes.pdf
CD500Eligibility to benefit from this preference is subject to the presentation of a proof of origin stating the community origin of the goods, in the context of the agreement between the European Union and the Swiss Confederation.
Export controlBYR0765/06
Export control
BYR0765/06
Documents / references
X858Y811
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y811- Import/export allowed after control
- Y010Other conditions: X858- Import/export allowed after control
- Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- TM956it shall be prohibited: to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, machinery as listed in Annex XIV, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Belarus or for use in Belarus;COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 765/2006 - Article 1s.1 (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2022/355)
Import controlBYR0765/06
Import control
BYR0765/06
Documents / references
L152Y727Y728Y870
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y727- Import/export allowed after control
- Y010Other conditions: Y728- Import/export allowed after control
- Y050Other conditions: L152- Import/export allowed after control
- Y080Other conditions: Y870- Import/export allowed after control
- Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- CD925It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer into the Union, directly or indirectly, goods which allow Belarus to diversify its sources of revenue, thereby enabling its involvement in the Russian aggression against Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXVII, if they originate in Belarus or are exported from Belarus.Article 1ra - Regulation (EU) 765/2006 (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2024/1865)
Export controlIRR1338/24
Export control
IRR1338/24
Documents / references
X993Y890
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: X993- Import/export allowed after control
- Y009Other conditions: Y890- Import/export allowed after control
- Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- TM977It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, goods and technology which might contribute to Iran’s capability to manufacture Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as listed in Annex II, whether or not originating in the Union, to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Iran or for use in Iran (article 2.1 of Council Regulation (EU) 2023/1529).The transit via the territory of Iran of the goods and technology, as referred to in the first subparagraph, exported from the Union, shall be prohibited.
Import prohibitionKPR0285/18
Import prohibition
KPR0285/18
Notes
- TM884Goods from the Annex XIh of Regulation (EU) 2018/285 (Machinery and electrical equipment)
Export prohibitionKPR0285/18
Export prohibition
KPR0285/18
Notes
- TM888Goods from the Annex XI l of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509 (Industrial machinery, transportation vehicles, iron, steel and other metals)
Export controlRUR0833/14
Export control
RUR0833/14
Documents / references
X834X837X840Y708Y833
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: X834- Import/export allowed after control
- Y002Other conditions: X837- Import/export allowed after control
- Y005Other conditions: X840- Import/export allowed after control
- Y010Other conditions: Y833- Import/export allowed after control
- Y030Other conditions: Y708- Import/export allowed after control
- Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- CD869It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, goods which could contribute in particular to the enhancement of Russian industrial capacities as listed in Annex XXIII, to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Russia or for use in Russia.
Import controlRUR0833/14
Import control
RUR0833/14
Documents / references
L142L143Y859Y874
Conditions
- B001Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: L142- Import allowed
- B002Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: Y874- Import allowed
- B004Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: L143- Import allowed
- B030Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: Y859- Import allowed
- B090Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: the condition is not fulfilled- Import is not allowed
Notes
- CD875It shall be prohibited to purchase, import, or transfer, directly or indirectly, goods which generate significant revenues for Russia thereby enabling its actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine, as listed in Annex XXI into the Union if they originate in Russia or are exported from Russia.With regard to the goods listed in Part B of Annex XXI, the prohibitions in paragraph 1 shall not apply to the execution until 8 January 2023 of contracts concluded before 7 October 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts.By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, the competent authorities may authorise the purchase, import or transfer of the goods listed in Annex XXI, or the provision of related technical and financial assistance, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development.Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3i (Council regulation (EU) 2022/576)
Export controlRUR0833/14
Export control
RUR0833/14
Documents / references
X840X990X991Y987Y995
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: X990- Import/export allowed after control
- Y002Other conditions: X991- Import/export allowed after control
- Y010Other conditions: Y987- Import/export allowed after control
- Y020Other conditions: Y995- Import/export allowed after control
- Y071Other conditions: X840- Import/export allowed after control
- Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- CD903Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 (Article 2a):It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, goods and technology which might contribute to Russia’s military and technological enhancement, or the development of the defence and security sector, as listed in Annex VII, whether or not originating in the Union, to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Russia or for use in Russia.
Export controlUAR0692/14
Export control
UAR0692/14
Documents / references
X802Y997
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y997- Export allowed
- Y005Other conditions: X802- Export allowed
- Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Export is not allowed
Notes
- CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol.The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part.II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited:(a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or(b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.
Import controlUAR0692/14
Import control
UAR0692/14
Documents / references
N954U045U078U079Y997
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y997- Import allowed
- Y002Other conditions: U078- Import allowed
- Y003Other conditions: U079- Import allowed
- Y005Other conditions: N954- Import allowed
- Y007Other conditions: U045- Import allowed
- Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import is not allowed
Notes
- CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol.The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part.II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited:(a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or(b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.
Import controlUAR0263/22
Import control
UAR0263/22
Documents / references
N954U045U078U079Y984
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y984- Import/export allowed after control
- Y002Other conditions: N954- Import/export allowed after control
- Y005Other conditions: U045- Import/export allowed after control
- Y006Other conditions: U078- Import/export allowed after control
- Y007Other conditions: U079- Import/export allowed after control
- Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77):I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine.The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport;(ii) telecommunications;(iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.
Export controlUAR0263/22
Export control
UAR0263/22
Documents / references
X985Y984
Conditions
- Y001Other conditions: Y984- Import/export allowed after control
- Y003Other conditions: X985- Import/export allowed after control
- Y004Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled- Import/export not allowed after control
Notes
- CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77):I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine.The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport;(ii) telecommunications;(iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.
Value Added Tax (VAT)
V020Medical devices, as defined by the Act on Medical Devices of 20 May 2010, (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 175, 447, 534), released for free circulation on the territory of the Republic of Poland
8%V052Devices for writing and reading texts in Braille
8%V120For medical devices referred to in item 13 of Annex No. 3 to the Act in the wording applicable before the date of entry into force of the Act of 7 April 2022 on medical devices (Journal of Laws, item 974), the tax rate referred to in Art. 41 sec. 2 shall apply if, in accordance with: 1) Art. 120 sec. 4 of the regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices, amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC (Official Journal of the European Union L117 of 5 April 2017) or 2) Article 110 paragraph 4 of the regulation (EU) 2017/746 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on in vitro diagnostic medical devices and repealing Directive 98/79/EC and Commission Decision 2010/227/EU (Official Journal of the European Union L117 of 5 April 2017) – these products have been placed on the market and are still being made available on the market or put into use.
8%V999Other
23%Codes in the same group
850110Motors of an output not exceeding 37,5|W850120Universal AC/DC motors of an output exceeding 37,5|W850131Other DC motors; DC generators, other than photovoltaic generators - Of an output not exceeding 750|W850132Of an output exceeding 750|W but not exceeding 75|kW850133DC generators >75kW but ≤375kW850134Of an output exceeding 375|kW850140Other AC motors, single-phase850151Other AC motors, multi-phase - Of an output not exceeding 750|W
5
Binding Tariff Information
BTI classification examples
PLgold4-000734
Solar power kit for balcony installation
komponenty elektroniczne (panele PV, inwerter)GRI 1GRI 2aGRI 3bGRI 6
DEgold235/25-1
Balcony solar power plant - functional unit
komponenty elektroniczne (mikroinwerter)GRI 1GRI 6
FRgold25-04384
Photovoltaic AC generator system with energy storage
komponenty elektroniczne (moduły fotowoltaiczne, elektronika sterująca)GRI 1GRI 6
FRgold25-02727
DC fuel cell generator for hydrogen vehicles
steelGRI 1GRI 6
DEgold336/23-1
Mid-drive motor for e-bike
metalGRI 1GRI 6
BTI (Binding Tariff Information) is an official EU customs decision confirming the classification of goods. Valid for 3 years, binding across all EU member states.
Scope of subheading 850180 - photovoltaic generators
Subheading 850180 of the Combined Nomenclature covers photovoltaic generators, i.e. devices that convert light energy directly into electrical energy. In trade practice, this subheading covers photovoltaic (PV) modules and panels, which are the primary component of solar installations. PV modules consist of silicon cells (monocrystalline, polycrystalline) or thin-film cells (CdTe, CIGS, a-Si) mounted in an aluminium frame with tempered glass. Classification under subheading 850180 covers PV modules as electrical generators - it does not include inverters (850440), mounting structures (Chapter 73) or batteries (8507). PV modules generating direct current (DC) are classified under this subheading regardless of power. The EU PV module market is substantial due to decarbonisation policy and Fit for 55 targets. Classification follows GRI rules 1 and 6 and the notes to Chapter 85.
Regulatory and trade requirements for photovoltaic modules
Importing PV modules under subheading 850180 into the EU requires a customs declaration with the correct CN code and EORI number. PV modules must comply with IEC 61215 (crystalline silicon modules) or IEC 61646 (thin-film modules) for design qualification and safety. IEC 61730 defines safety requirements. The LVD Directive (2014/35/EU) requires CE marking. The WEEE Regulation (2012/19/EU) imposes collection and recycling obligations on PV panels - the manufacturer/importer must finance the collection system. The RoHS 2 Directive (2011/65/EU) restricts hazardous substances, though CdTe modules benefit from an exemption for cadmium in PV cells. CBAM does not cover PV modules from Chapter 85. Historically, the EU applied anti-dumping duties on PV modules from China - the current status of trade measures should be verified in TARIC.
Customs duties and trade in photovoltaic modules
MFN duty rates for PV modules under subheading 850180 should be verified in TARIC. The EU photovoltaic market is one of the fastest growing energy sectors. China dominates global PV module production, supplying over 80% of world supply. The EU previously applied anti-dumping and countervailing duties on PV modules from China (the MIP - Minimum Import Price mechanism), effective from 2013 to 2018. The current status of trade measures should be verified in TARIC before each clearance. Preferential rates under FTAs may be available upon compliance with rules of origin. The EU supports PV panel production through the European Solar PV Industry Alliance. Imports from sanctioned countries are subject to restrictions. VAT is charged on import.
EU regulations for photovoltaic generators 8501 80
Photovoltaic generators under CN 8501 80 are subject to ecodesign delegated regulation (EU) 2024/1244. PV modules imported into the EU may face anti-dumping and countervailing duties on products originating in China. The MFN rate depends on the generator type. Import requires compliance with LVD 2014/35/EU and IEC 61215/61730 standards for photovoltaic modules.
Frequently asked questions
Are PV modules under subheading 850180 subject to anti-dumping duties?
The EU applied anti-dumping and countervailing duties on PV modules from China from 2013 to 2018 (MIP mechanism). After these measures expired in 2018, the European Commission did not extend them. The current status of trade measures on PV modules should be verified in TARIC each time, as the Commission may initiate new proceedings. The importer should enter the correct 10-digit TARIC code and country of origin for the system to display applicable measures. Duty rates should be verified before each clearance.
Are photovoltaic panels subject to WEEE recycling obligations?
Yes. Photovoltaic modules have been included within the scope of the WEEE Directive (2012/19/EU) as a category of electrical and electronic equipment. The manufacturer or importer placing PV panels on the EU market must provide a collection and recycling system for end-of-life modules and finance waste management costs. In practice, this means registration in the national register of electrical equipment producers and paying a recycling fee for each module placed on the market.
Are PV modules under subheading 850180 subject to CBAM?
No. The CBAM mechanism (Regulation (EU) 2023/956) covers goods from the sectors: steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen. Photovoltaic modules from Chapter 85 CN are not within CBAM scope. Importing PV modules into the EU does not require CBAM registration or certificate purchases. Electricity generated by installed panels is not imported but produced within the EU, so it is also not subject to CBAM.
What ecodesign requirements apply to motors under 8501 80?
Motors under CN 8501 80 are subject to Regulation (EU) 2019/1781. Three-phase motors must meet IE3 or IE4 efficiency class depending on power and market placement date.
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