84621900
NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES; PARTS THEREOF›Machine tools (including presses) for working metal by forging, hammering or die forging (excluding rolling mills); machine tools (including presses, slitting lines and cut-to-length lines) for working metal by bending, folding, straightening, flattening, shearing, punching, notching or nibbling (excluding draw-benches); presses for working metal or metal carbides, not specified above
Other
Definition and scope of subheading 8462 19
Subheading 8462 19 covers other forging machines for metal, i.e. machines other than closed-die (8462 11). Typical products include open-die forging hammers, hydraulic open-die forging presses, rotary forging machines, pneumatic hammers, radial forging machines and mechanical anvils. Open-die forging shapes metal between flat or profiled dies without an enclosed die cavity. Used for manufacturing shafts, rings, discs and blocks from steel and special alloys. Residual subheading relative to 8462 11. Classification follows the GIR, rules 1 and 6.
Import requirements for open-die forging machines (8462 19)
Importing requires compliance with the Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230. CE marking, EU declaration of conformity and technical documentation with risk assessment are required. Forging hammers generating high impact energy and vibrations require: two-hand controls, forging zone guards, emergency stop systems, ram fall prevention and anti-vibration foundation isolation. Hydraulic presses are subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU). Hot forging machines require operator protection against heat radiation and scale. LVD and EMC apply. The importer must hold an EORI number.
Customs duties and trade measures for subheading 8462 19
Current MFN duty rates should be verified in TARIC. Preferential rates may be available under EU FTAs and the GSP. Open-die forging machines are imported from China, Germany (SMS Group), Japan, Italy and Czech Republic. Imports from Russia and Belarus are subject to EU sanctions. Forging machines are not subject to CBAM. National VAT is charged. Large forging hammers and presses require special oversize transport and high-capacity foundations. All rates and trade measures should be verified in TARIC.
Press safety and protective requirements for CN 8462 19
Other forging machines under CN 8462 19 are subject to stringent safety standards due to high pressing forces and crushing risks. Standards EN 692 (mechanical presses) and EN 693 (hydraulic presses) specify requirements for guards, two-hand control systems, light curtains and cycle monitoring. The Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 requires CE marking and risk assessment documentation. Presses exceeding 1000 kN force may be subject to dual-use controls for defence applications.
Frequently asked questions
What forging machines are classified under subheading 8462 19?
Subheading 8462 19 covers forging machines other than closed-die: open-die hammers, hydraulic open-die presses, rotary and radial forging machines, pneumatic hammers and mechanical anvils. Open-die forging without enclosed dies. Closed-die machines under 8462 11. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.
What safety requirements apply to forging hammers (8462 19)?
Forging hammers are subject to the Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230. Required: two-hand controls, forging zone guards, ram fall prevention, emergency stops and anti-vibration isolation. Hydraulic presses subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU). Hot forging requires heat radiation protection. CE marking and risk assessment are mandatory.
What distinguishes subheading 8462 19 from 8462 11?
Subheading 8462 11 covers closed-die forging machines shaping metal in enclosed dies. Subheading 8462 19 covers other forging machines including open-die (without enclosed dies). Key criterion: closed die versus open die/flat anvil forming. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.
Are hydraulic presses (8462 19) subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive?
The hydraulic system of a press under CN 8462 19 may be subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU if working pressure exceeds 0.5 bar and categorisation criteria are met.
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