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84569000
NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES; PARTS THEREOF›Machine tools for working any material by removal of material, by laser or other light or photon beam, ultrasonic, electrodischarge, electrochemical, electron beam, ionic-beam or plasma arc processes; water-jet cutting machines

Other

Standard EU duty
3.5%
VAT
23%
Additional duties / sanctions
0 rules
Docs required
50 docs
C067Y069Y949X060X061X062+44
Standard rates
Applies toTypeRateConditionsRegulation
ERGA OMNESThird country duty3.5%-R1821/16
Preferences
AD 0%AL 0%BA 0%CA 0%CAMER 0%CARI 0%CH 0%CI 0%CL 0%CM 0%CO 0%DZ 0%EBA 0%EC 0%EEA 0%EG 0%EH 0%ESA 0%EUCA 0%FJ 0%FO 0%GB 0%GE 0%GH 0%GSP 0%GSP+ 0%IL 0%JO 0%JP 0%KE 0%KR 0%LB 0%LOMB 0%MA 0%MD 0%ME 0%MK 0%MX 0%NZ 0%PE 0%PG 0%PS 0%SADC EPA 0%SB 0%SG 0%SM 0%SWITZ 0%SY 0%TN 0%TR 0%UA 0%VN 0%WS 0%XC 0%XK 0%XL 0%XS 0%ZA 0%
Notes
CD303The relief from or reduction of customs duties shall be subject to the specific request expressed by the declarant in box 44 "Additional information/Documents produced/Certificates and authorisations", of the Single Administrative Document (SAD)
TM904Preferences granted under the agreement between the European Union and Morocco in force from 19 July 2019.As of 3 October 2025, products originating in Western Sahara subject to controls by the customs authorities of the Kingdom of Morocco shall benefit from trade preferences under the terms of the new Agreement in the form of exchange of letters between the EU and Morocco, The European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco have agreed to allow those products to be identified by reference to the region of origin to be included in the proof of origin and as provided for in Protocol 4.In view of the application of these measures, the origin certificates codes U179 and U180 must be declared.The country code to be entered in the origin declaration when these proofs of origin are used is “EH”.
CD727Eligibility to benefit from this preference is subject to the presentation of an origin declaration stating the European Union origin of the goods, in the context of the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).
CD906The list of non-eligible locations and their postal codes is available at the following address: http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/technical-arrangement_postal-codes.pdf
CD500Eligibility to benefit from this preference is subject to the presentation of a proof of origin stating the community origin of the goods, in the context of the agreement between the European Union and the Swiss Confederation.
CloseMRN — potwierdzenie wywozu z każdego portu UE
5

Binding Tariff Information

BTI classification examples

DEgold502/24-1

Electropolishing machine for jewelry and industrial parts

metalGRI 1GRI 6
PLgold5-001290

Electrolytic polishing machine for metals

steelGRI 1GRI 6
DEgold498/24-1

Electrolytic polishing machine for jewelry

metalGRI 1GRI 6
DEgold999/24-1

CNC sinker EDM machine

steelGRI 1GRI 6
CZgold00-04/01

Portable plasma cutting system

metalGRI 1GRI 6

BTI (Binding Tariff Information) is an official EU customs decision confirming the classification of goods. Valid for 3 years, binding across all EU member states.

Definition and scope of subheading 8456 90

Subheading 8456 90 of the Combined Nomenclature covers machine tools for working any material by removal of material, other than laser, ultrasonic, electro-discharge, plasma arc and water-jet types. This subheading includes electron beam machine tools, ion beam machine tools, electrochemical machining (ECM) machines, photochemical machining equipment and other special-purpose machine tools not covered by subheadings 8456 11 to 8456 50. These machines are used in advanced industrial applications including semiconductor manufacture, optics and aerospace. Classification under subheading 8456 90 is residual, covering all special machine tools of heading 8456 not classified elsewhere. Classification follows the GRI of the CN. A BTI ruling is recommended for borderline cases.

Import requirements and regulations for special machine tools (8456 90)

Importing special machine tools under subheading 8456 90 into the European Union requires compliance with the Union Customs Code (Regulation (EU) No 952/2013). The importer must hold an EORI number. Special machine tools fall under the Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230, requiring an EU declaration of conformity and CE marking. Harmonised standards EN ISO 16090 form the basis for conformity assessment. Machine tools using electron beams or ion processes may be subject to additional radiological protection requirements. Advanced special machine tools may fall under dual-use export controls (Regulation (EU) 2021/821). Customs documentation includes a commercial invoice, transport document, technical specification, operating instructions and certificate of origin. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.

Duty rates and trade measures for subheading 8456 90

MFN duty rates for special machine tools under subheading 8456 90 should be verified in the current TARIC database. Preferential rates may be available under EU FTAs and the GSP. These are niche high-value machines used in advanced industrial applications. Major manufacturers are based in Japan, Germany, Switzerland and the USA. Importers should check TARIC for any applicable trade measures. Imports from Russia and Belarus are subject to EU sanctions restrictions. Import VAT applies at the national rate. All current rates should be verified in TARIC.

Dual-use controls for advanced machinery CN 8456 90

Other special machine tools under CN 8456 90 may be subject to dual-use goods controls per Regulation (EU) 2021/821. Machines for special material processing (laser, EDM, ECM) with parameters exceeding Annex I thresholds (positioning accuracy, laser power) require export authorisation and may face end-use controls on import. The control checklist includes technical parameters: positioning accuracy of 6 micrometres or better, laser power output, material removal rates. Imports from EU-sanctioned countries are prohibited. Importers must verify dual-use status before purchase.

Frequently asked questions

What machines are classified under subheading 8456 90?
Subheading 8456 90 covers special machine tools other than laser, ultrasonic, EDM, plasma and waterjet types. This includes electron beam and ion beam machines, electrochemical machining (ECM) equipment and other advanced special-purpose machine tools. They are used in semiconductor manufacture, optics and aerospace. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.
Do special machine tools (8456 90) require CE marking?
Special machine tools under subheading 8456 90 fall under Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 and require CE marking. Electron beam machines may have additional radiological protection requirements. Advanced machines may be subject to dual-use export controls. The manufacturer must prepare an EU declaration of conformity and conduct risk assessment. Absence of CE marking prevents placing on the EU market.
What documents are required for importing special machine tools (8456 90)?
Importing special machine tools under subheading 8456 90 requires: a commercial invoice, transport document (B/L, CMR or AWB), EORI number, technical specification, CE declaration of conformity and operating instructions. A certificate of origin is needed for preferential rates. Dual-use machines may require an import licence. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.
How to check dual-use status of machinery under CN 8456 90?
The dual-use status of machinery under CN 8456 90 is checked by comparing technical parameters (accuracy, power, performance) against Annex I thresholds of Regulation (EU) 2021/821.

Useful tools & resources

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Related glossary terms
Customs DutyCustoms ValueMFN Rate