CN code 280461 covers silicon containing by weight not less than 99.99 per cent of silicon, used primarily in the semiconductor and photovoltaic industries. Silicon of this purity grade is produced by the Czochralski method or zone refining and supplied in the form of monocrystalline or polycrystalline ingots, rods or pieces. Classification under subheading 280461 requires documented purity of at least 99.99 per cent (so-called 4N silicon), while silicon of lower purity is classified under code 280469. A certificate of analysis confirming the chemical composition and impurity levels must be presented during customs clearance. High-purity silicon is a strategic raw material for the electronics industry and renewable energy sector.

Silicon with a purity of 99.99 per cent and above may be subject to dual-use export control provisions under Regulation (EU) 2021/821, particularly when intended for advanced electronics applications. Importers should verify whether the specific grade of silicon appears in Annex I of this regulation. The substance is subject to REACH registration (CAS 7440-21-3) and CLP requirements, although metallic silicon is not classified as hazardous. Transport of silicon in solid form is not subject to ADR provisions, but silicon dust is flammable and requires appropriate precautionary measures. Imports of silicon into the EU may be subject to anti-dumping measures depending on the country of origin.

When filing a customs declaration for silicon under CN code 280461, it is essential to provide a certificate of analysis stating the exact silicon percentage content and metal impurity levels. Customs authorities may take samples for laboratory verification, particularly where there is doubt regarding the 99.99 per cent threshold separating subheading 280461 from 280469. Importers should check current trade measures in the TARIC system, including any anti-dumping duties on silicon from specific countries. Proof of origin documentation (EUR.1 or REX) may enable preferential duty rates. For silicon intended for photovoltaic cell production, it is worth verifying whether additional price undertakings or tariff quotas apply.

Importing Silicon with purity of 99.99% or more (CN 2804 61) requires particular attention to chemical safety matters. Inorganic substances under this subheading are subject to REACH and CLP classification. The importer must have a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) in the destination country's language. Packaging must meet ADR/IMDG requirements depending on transport classification. Customs control may include sampling for laboratory analysis to verify declared composition. Duty rates depend on the specific TARIC subheading and goods origin.