85059000
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF SUCH ARTICLES›Electromagnets; permanent magnets and articles intended to become permanent magnets after magnetisation; electromagnetic or permanent magnet chucks, clamps and similar holding devices; electromagnetic couplings, clutches and brakes; electromagnetic lifting heads
Other, including parts
Subcodes (4)
85059021Duty: 0%
Electromagnets; electromagnetic or permanent magnet chucks, clamps and similar holding devices - Electromagnets of a kind used solely or principally for magnetic resonance imaging apparatus other t...
85059029Duty: 0-1,8%
Other
85059050Duty: 0-2,2%
Electromagnetic lifting heads
85059090Duty: 0-1,8%
Parts
Scope of subheading 850590
Subheading 850590 covers electromagnets (coils producing magnetic fields when energised), electromagnetic or permanent magnetic chucks and parts for heading 8505 products. Electromagnets are used in solenoid valves, relays, switches, magnetic separators, metal lifting systems and medical devices. Parts include cores, coils, housings and mounting elements. Classification per GRI 1 and 6.
Regulatory requirements
Import requires EORI. LVD and EMC apply. Machinery Directive applies when part of a machine. RoHS 2 for consumer devices. Medical electromagnets subject to MDR (EU) 2017/745. CBAM does not apply.
Customs duties and trade
MFN rates should be verified in TARIC. Imported from China, Japan and Germany. Market driven by industrial automation and electromobility. Preferential rates under FTAs require rules of origin. VAT charged on import.
Critical raw materials and magnet imports 8505 90
Magnets under CN 8505 90 fall under the Critical Raw Materials Regulation (EU) 2024/1252, introducing supply chain traceability requirements for permanent magnets. Neodymium magnets (NdFeB) contain rare earth elements on the EU critical raw materials list. MFN duty: 2.7%. CE declaration is required for electromagnetic couplings. Export controls may apply for high-performance magnets.
Frequently asked questions
What applications use electromagnets under 850590?
Solenoid valves in pneumatics/hydraulics, electromagnetic relays, switches, magnetic separators for recycling/mining, scrap lifting magnets (crane magnets), electromagnetic door/gate locks and medical device coils (MRI, therapeutic equipment).
Are solenoids classified under 850590?
Electromagnetic coils (solenoids) as standalone electromagnets are classified under 850590. Complete solenoid valves with body, piston and ports may be classified under heading 8481 (valves). The key is whether the product is a standalone coil or complete valve. A BTI ruling is recommended in case of doubt.
Are electromagnets subject to CBAM?
No. CBAM covers: steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen. Electromagnets from Chapter 85 are not within CBAM scope.
Are neodymium magnets under 8505 90 subject to CRM Act?
Yes, permanent magnets under 8505 90 containing rare earths are subject to the Critical Raw Materials Regulation (EU) 2024/1252, requiring supply chain traceability.
Useful tools & resources
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