85052000
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF SUCH ARTICLES›Electromagnets; permanent magnets and articles intended to become permanent magnets after magnetisation; electromagnetic or permanent magnet chucks, clamps and similar holding devices; electromagnetic couplings, clutches and brakes; electromagnetic lifting heads
Electromagnetic couplings, clutches and brakes
Scope of subheading 850520 - electromagnetic couplings, brakes and chucks
Subheading 850520 covers electromagnetic couplings, brakes and magnetic chucks. Electromagnetic couplings connect and disconnect drive shafts using magnetic force. Electromagnetic brakes stop shafts magnetically. Magnetic chucks hold metal workpieces on machine tools, presses and transport systems. Applications: industrial machine drives, lifts, presses, lift safety systems (safety brakes), CNC chucks and magnetic sorting systems. Classification per GRI 1 and 6.
Regulatory requirements for electromagnetic couplings
Import requires EORI. Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 applies when coupling is part of a machine. LVD applies to electrical equipment. EMC covers emissions. Lift safety brakes subject to Lifts Directive 2014/33/EU. IEC 60947 and EN ISO 13849 (machine safety) define parameters. CBAM does not apply.
Customs duties and trade in electromagnetic couplings
MFN rates should be verified in TARIC. Imported from specialised manufacturers in Germany, Japan, USA and China. Market driven by industrial automation and machine safety. Preferential rates under FTAs require rules of origin. VAT charged on import.
Critical raw materials and magnet imports 8505 20
Magnets under CN 8505 20 fall under the Critical Raw Materials Regulation (EU) 2024/1252, introducing supply chain traceability requirements for permanent magnets. Neodymium magnets (NdFeB) contain rare earth elements on the EU critical raw materials list. MFN duty: 2.7%. CE declaration is required for electromagnetic couplings. Export controls may apply for high-performance magnets.
Frequently asked questions
What applications use electromagnetic couplings under 850520?
Used in packaging, printing and textile machine drives (engage/disengage), automotive AC compressors, lift drives (safety brakes), industrial presses, magnetic sorting systems and CNC magnetic chucks for workpiece holding on machine tools. Enable contactless shaft coupling.
Are electromagnetic lift brakes classified under 850520?
Yes, electromagnetic brakes for lifts and hoists are classified under 850520. Subject to Lifts Directive 2014/33/EU and EN 81 (lift safety). As safety components, they require notified body certification. Duty rates should be verified in TARIC.
Are electromagnetic couplings subject to CBAM?
No. CBAM covers: steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen. Couplings from Chapter 85 are not within CBAM scope.
Are neodymium magnets under 8505 20 subject to CRM Act?
Yes, permanent magnets under 8505 20 containing rare earths are subject to the Critical Raw Materials Regulation (EU) 2024/1252, requiring supply chain traceability.
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