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52
Tariff Chapter 52
Cotton sewing thread, whether or not put up for retail sale
What does heading 5204 of the customs tariff cover?
Heading 5204 covers cotton sewing thread, whether or not put up for retail sale. This includes thread made from cotton, intended for hand or machine sewing, in various thicknesses and colours. The thread may be mercerised, dyed, bleached or unprocessed. Import of cotton sewing thread into the EU is subject to duty rates of 4% to 5%. These products must comply with chemical safety requirements under the REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. Proper labelling of fibre content is required in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1007/2011. Heading 5204 is part of Chapter 52 (textiles, fabrics and clothing) of the Combined Nomenclature (CN) used in the European Union. This classification is based on the Harmonized System (HS) developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO), which is used in over 200 countries worldwide. The EU Combined Nomenclature extends the HS with additional 8-digit subheadings, while the TARIC system adds 10-digit codes for identifying specific trade measures. Each 4-digit heading such as 5204 is subdivided into 6-digit (HS), 8-digit (CN) and 10-digit (TARIC) subheadings that specify the type of goods for the purpose of applying the correct duty rates, trade measures and regulatory requirements. Correct determination of the 10-digit code is essential for establishing the amount of customs duties and taxes, as well as required permits and certificates. Classification of goods under heading 5204 must follow the General Rules for the Interpretation (GRI) of the Combined Nomenclature. Rule 1 states that classification is determined primarily by the terms of the headings and the relevant section or chapter notes. The Explanatory Notes to the Harmonized System and the Combined Nomenclature clarify the scope of each heading and are essential references for importers and customs brokers.
Duty rates and import requirements for heading 5204
Import of cotton sewing thread into the EU is subject to duty rates of 4% to 5%. These products must comply with chemical safety requirements under the REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. Proper labelling of fibre content is required in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1007/2011. Duty rates for cotton sewing thread range from 4% to 5% depending on the tariff subheading. Thread put up for retail sale falls under a different subheading than thread in bulk packaging. Labelling of fibre composition (cotton content) is required under EU Regulation No 1007/2011. Check whether the country of origin qualifies for preferential duty rates under free trade agreements (e.g. GSP, EPA). When importing goods under heading 5204 into the European Union, attention must be paid to applicable duty rates, which depend on the specific subheading (8- or 10-digit code) and the country of origin. MFN (Most Favoured Nation) duty rates apply to imports from countries with which the EU does not have preferential trade agreements. Current rates can be checked in the EU TARIC database on the European Commission website. Import of goods under heading 5204 may benefit from preferential duty rates under Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) concluded by the EU with third countries, the Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) for developing countries, or autonomous tariff suspensions. Claiming preferences requires presentation of appropriate proof of origin (EUR.1 certificate, origin declaration, REX certificate or statement on origin under the registered exporter system).
Classification of goods under heading 5204 — key considerations
Heading 5204 covers cotton sewing thread, whether or not put up for retail sale. Cotton yarn classified by: sewing thread (5204), yarn ≥85% cotton uncarded (5205), yarn ≥85% cotton carded (5206), yarn <85% cotton (5207). Key: cotton content (≥85% vs <85%) and treatment (carded vs combed). Woven fabrics: 5208-5212. Synthetic fibre yarn: Chapter 54/55.
Frequently asked questions
What duty rates apply to cotton sewing thread (heading 5204)?
Imports of cotton sewing thread under heading 5204 are subject to a duty rate of approximately 4% under the EU conventional tariff. Cotton sewing thread — specialised product at 4% rate. Used in clothing industry and crafts. The rate depends on the specific 8-digit CN subheading. Preferential lower or zero rates are available under EU trade agreements with third countries and under the GSP system.
What requirements apply when importing cotton sewing thread into the EU?
Importing cotton products under heading 5204 requires REACH documentation confirming absence of restricted substances (azo dyes, formaldehyde, phthalates). Textile labelling must comply with Regulation (EU) No 1007/2011 on textile fibre names. Standard customs documentation is required. Certificate of origin (EUR.1, REX) is essential for preferential rates. GMO cotton in yarn and fabrics must have EU authorisation. Current duty rates should be verified in the European Commission's TARIC database.
What should be noted when classifying goods under heading 5204?
Heading 5204 covers cotton sewing thread. Classification under Chapter 52 depends on: cotton content (≥85% vs. <85%), weight (≤200 g/m² vs. >200 g/m²), weave type (plain, twill, satin) and finish (unbleached, bleached, dyed, printed). CN subheadings specify these parameters. Laboratory determination of fibre composition and weight is key to correct classification. BTI ruling recommended in case of doubt. Current duty rates should be verified in the European Commission's TARIC database.
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