Anthracite

CN code 2701 11 covers anthracite coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated. Anthracite is the highest grade of coal, characterised by a volatile matter content below 14% on a dry, ash-free basis. It has a high calorific value exceeding 30 MJ/kg, low moisture content, and a distinctive metallic lustre. Classification under this code requires precise determination of the coal's physicochemical parameters, particularly volatile matter content, calorific value, and degree of coalification. This code does not cover agglomerated anthracite (code 2701 20), briquettes, or lignite. When making customs declarations, importers should have a quality certificate specifying the coal parameters to ensure correct tariff classification. In cases of doubt, it is advisable to apply for Binding Tariff Information (BTI) ruling, which provides legal certainty regarding the CN code applicable to the commercial transaction.

Importing anthracite into the European Union is subject to multiple regulatory requirements. Since 2022, EU sanctions packages have prohibited the import of coal of Russian origin, making it necessary to verify the country of origin of the goods. Current duty rates should be checked in the TARIC database, as they may vary depending on the country of origin and applicable trade agreements. Anthracite is subject to excise duty as a solid fuel under the Energy Taxation Directive 2003/96/EC. Importers must also consider obligations under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), which covers coal products. INTRASTAT declarations are required when statistical thresholds are exceeded. Coal is not subject to the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Import clearance requires transport documents, a commercial invoice with a precise description of the goods, and any quality certificates required by the buyer. Phytosanitary certificates are not required for mineral products.

When planning anthracite imports in 2026, the first priority is to verify that the supplier is not based in Russia or Belarus, as EU sanctions cover coal imports from these countries. Major anthracite suppliers to the European market include South Africa, Colombia, Vietnam, and the United States. Before signing a contract, obtain a coal analysis certificate from the supplier confirming the parameters that qualify it as anthracite, particularly volatile matter content below 14%. Anthracite is primarily transported by sea in bulk cargo vessels, requiring access to ports with appropriate handling infrastructure. Factor in discharge, storage, and inland transport costs. Importers should register as authorised warehouse keepers or use the services of registered consignees for excise goods. Consulting a customs agency specialising in energy commodity trade is recommended to avoid errors in tariff classification and customs documentation.

Anthracite coal under CN 2701 11 enters duty-free at 0%. EU sanctions prohibit Russian coal imports since August 2022. Colombia, South Africa and USA are major suppliers. CBAM coverage is under consideration.