CN code 120740 covers sesame seeds, whether or not broken. Sesame is one of the oldest oil crops, cultivated in Africa, Asia, and Central America. Sesame seeds contain approximately 50 percent oil rich in oleic and linoleic acids and are a source of protein, calcium, and the lignan sesamin. Classification under 120740 covers white, black, and brown seeds, both hulled and unhulled. Sesame seeds are used in baking, tahini production, halvah, and sesame oil production. Major producers include Tanzania, India, Sudan, Myanmar, and Ethiopia. Import of sesame seeds into the EU is subject to special controls due to a history of contamination.

Sesame seeds from specified countries are subject to increased official controls due to risks of ethylene oxide, Salmonella, and pesticide residues. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1793 establishes the list of countries and products subject to increased controls. Sesame is listed among allergens in Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 with mandatory label declaration. Mycotoxins, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are also controlled. Ethylene oxide, not authorised for use in the EU, is subject to zero tolerance - detection results in batch withdrawal from the market.

Importers should indicate CN code 120740 with a certificate of analysis covering ethylene oxide, pesticide, mycotoxin, and heavy metal tests. Pre-shipment laboratory testing is recommended due to increased controls. Preferential tariff rates may be available under the GSP scheme. Sesame seed transport requires dry conditions in jute sacks or big bags. Documentation includes phytosanitary certificates, analysis certificates, and origin documents. In 2026, ethylene oxide controls in sesame seeds remain a priority for EU food safety authorities.

Sesame seeds under CN 1207 40 face enhanced controls following a series of RASFF alerts concerning ethylene oxide (EtO). This substance, used for fumigation in some countries, is not permitted in the EU. The limit is 0.05 mg/kg. Imports from India - the main supplier - are subject to mandatory EtO testing at the border. Controls also cover salmonella, aflatoxins and pesticides. Documentation must include test results from an accredited laboratory in the exporting country. Consignments are held until border test results are obtained before release.