What is the customs duty for Paintings, drawing and pastels (code 970191)?

The standard EU customs duty rate for code 970191 is 0%. This rate applies to imports from third countries (erga omnes). Lower preferential rates may apply for countries with trade agreements.

What VAT applies to imports under code 970191?

The standard import VAT rate is 23%. VAT is calculated on the customs value plus duty and any applicable excise taxes.

What documents are needed to import goods under code 970191?

Importing goods under code 970191 may require 17 types of documents and certificates. See the tariff measures table on this page for details on required documentation.

How to calculate import costs for code 970191?

Use the Celna24 customs calculator — enter the goods value, country of origin, and code 970191, and the calculator will compute the duty, VAT, and total import cost.

CN 9701 91 - Original paintings drawings

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WORKS OF ART, COLLECTORS' PIECES AND ANTIQUES›Paintings, drawings and pastels, executed entirely by hand, other than drawings of heading 4906 and other than hand-painted or hand-decorated manufactured articles; collages, mosaics and similar decorative plaques

Paintings, drawing and pastels

Standard EU duty

VAT

23%

Additional duties / sanctions

0 rules

Docs required

17 docs

Y935Y199Y235E012Y903Y946+11

Preferences

ERGA OMNES 0%GB 0%

Restriction on export

ALLTCR1210/03

Notes

TM571The following shall be prohibited: a) the export of or removal from the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on export

ALLTCR1210/03

Notes

TM571The following shall be prohibited: a) the export of or removal from the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on export

ALLTCR1210/03

Notes

TM571The following shall be prohibited: a) the export of or removal from the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on export

ALLTCR1210/03

Export authorization

ALLTCR1332/13

Documents / references

Y935

Conditions

B001Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: Y935— Export allowed
B002Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: the condition is not fulfilled— Export is not allowed

Notes

CD589It shall be prohibited to import, export, transfer, or provide brokering services related to the import, export or transfer of, Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions.

Import control on cultural goods

ALLTCR0880/19

Documents / references

Y199Y235

Conditions

B001Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: Y235— Import/export allowed after control
B003Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: Y199— Import/export allowed after control
B005Presentation of a certificate/licence/document: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

CD962The introduction of cultural goods referred to in Part A of Regulation 2019/880 of the Annex which were removed from the territory of the country where they were created or discovered in breach of the laws and regulations of that country shall be prohibited.

Export control on cultural goods

ALLTCR0116/09

Documents / references

E012Y903

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: E012— Import/export allowed after control
Y002Other conditions: Y903— Import/export allowed after control
Y003Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

CD483If the declared goods are described in the "CG" footnotes linked to the measure, an export licence must be presented
CG009Drawings executed entirely by hand, on any medium and in any material, more than 50 years old and do not belong to their originators, with a value corresponding to or exceeding 15 000 Euro
CG016Pictures and paintings, other than those described in the CG017 and CG030 footnotes, executed entirely by hand, on any medium and in any material, which are more than 50 years old and do not belong to their originators, with a value corresponding to or exceeding 150000 Euro
CG017Mosaics, other than those described in the CG010 and CG011 (see TARIC code 97050000) footnotes as archaeological objects or monuments which have been dismembered, in any material executed entirely by hand, of an age exceeding 50 years, and which do not belong to their originators, with a value corresponding to or exceeding 15,000 Euro
CG030Water-colours, gouaches and pastels executed entirely by hand on any material more than 50 years old and do not belong to their originators with a value corresponding to or exceeding 30 000 Euro

Restriction on entry into free circulation

IQR1210/03

Notes

TM570The following shall be prohibited: a) the import of or the introduction into the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on entry into free circulation

IQR1210/03

Notes

TM570The following shall be prohibited: a) the import of or the introduction into the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on entry into free circulation

IQR1210/03

Notes

TM570The following shall be prohibited: a) the import of or the introduction into the territory of the Community of, and b) the dealing in, Iraqi cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance, if they have been illegally removed from locations in Iraq, in particular, if: i) the items form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of Iraqi museums, archives or libraries' conservation collection, or the inventories of Iraqi religious institutions, or ii) there exists reasonable suspicion that the goods have been removed from Iraq without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Iraq's laws and regulations. These prohibitions shall not apply if it is shown that either: a) the cultural items were exported from Iraq prior to 6 August 1990; or b) the cultural items are being returned to Iraqi institutions in accordance with the objective of safe return as set out in paragraph 7 of UNSC Resolution 1483 (2003).

Restriction on entry into free circulation

IQR1210/03

Export control on luxury goods

KPR2062/17

Documents / references

Y946

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y946— Import/export allowed after control
Y002Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509
CD223The prohibition shall not apply to goods which are necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509).

Import control on luxury goods

KPR2062/17

Documents / references

Y945Y946

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y945— Import/export allowed after control
Y002Other conditions: Y946— Import/export allowed after control
Y003Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

CD203The prohibition shall not apply to travellers' personal effects or to goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)
TM684Goods from the list of luxury goods referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509
CD223The prohibition shall not apply to goods which are necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509).

Import control

RUR0833/14

Documents / references

Y715Y879

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y715— Import/export allowed after control
Y005Other conditions: Y879— Import/export allowed after control
Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Export control on luxury goods

RUR0833/14

Documents / references

Y821Y822

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y821— Import/export allowed after control
Y010Other conditions: Y822— Import/export allowed after control
Y090Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

CD863It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, luxury goods as listed in Annex XVIII, to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Russia or for use in Russia.2. The prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 shall apply to luxury goods listed in Annex XVIII insofar as their value exceeds EUR 300 per item unless otherwise specified in the Annex.3. The prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 shall not apply to goods which are necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States or partner countries in Russia or of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff.Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 - Article 3h (COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) 2022/428)

Export control

RUR0833/14

Documents / references

Y715Y879

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y715— Import/export allowed after control
Y005Other conditions: Y879— Import/export allowed after control
Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Restriction on entry into free circulation

SYR1332/13

Notes

TM572It shall be prohibited to import, export, or transfer Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI of Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions. The prohibition shall not apply if it is demonstrated that: (a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 9 May 2011; or (b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Restriction on entry into free circulation

SYR1332/13

Notes

TM572It shall be prohibited to import, export, or transfer Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI of Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions. The prohibition shall not apply if it is demonstrated that: (a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 9 May 2011; or (b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Restriction on entry into free circulation

SYR1332/13

Notes

TM572It shall be prohibited to import, export, or transfer Syrian cultural property goods and other goods of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance, including those listed in Annex XI of Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the goods have been removed from Syria without the consent of their legitimate owner or have been removed in breach of Syrian law or international law, in particular if the goods form an integral part of either the public collections listed in the inventories of the conservation collections of Syrian museums, archives or libraries, or the inventories of Syrian religious institutions. The prohibition shall not apply if it is demonstrated that: (a) the goods were exported from Syria prior to 9 May 2011; or (b) the goods are being safely returned to their legitimate owners in Syria.

Restriction on entry into free circulation

SYR1332/13

Import control

UAR0692/14

Documents / references

N954U045U078U079Y997

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y997— Import allowed
Y002Other conditions: U078— Import allowed
Y003Other conditions: U079— Import allowed
Y005Other conditions: N954— Import allowed
Y007Other conditions: U045— Import allowed
Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import is not allowed

Notes

CD967I. According to Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014, it shall be prohibited to import into European Union goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol.The prohibition shall not apply in respect of goods originating in Crimea or Sevastopol which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part.II. According to the Council Regulation (EU) 692/2014, the export of goods and technologies suited for use in the sectors of transport; telecommunications; energy; prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources is prohibited:(a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in Crimea or Sevastopol, or(b) for use in Crimea or Sevastopol.

Import control

UAR0263/22

Documents / references

N954U045U078U079Y984

Conditions

Y001Other conditions: Y984— Import/export allowed after control
Y002Other conditions: N954— Import/export allowed after control
Y005Other conditions: U045— Import/export allowed after control
Y006Other conditions: U078— Import/export allowed after control
Y007Other conditions: U079— Import/export allowed after control
Y009Other conditions: the condition is not fulfilled— Import/export not allowed after control

Notes

CD860According to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263 (OJ L42I, p. 77):I. It shall be prohibited to import into the European Union goods originating in non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts of Ukraine.The import prohibitions not apply in respect of: (a) the execution until 24 May 2022 of trade contracts concluded before 23 February 2022, or of ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the contract has notified, at least 10 working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which they are established; (b) goods originating in the specified territories which have been made available to the Ukrainian authorities for examination, for which compliance with the conditions conferring entitlement to preferential origin has been verified and for which a certificate of origin has been issued in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.II. It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export goods and technology listed in Annex II to Council Regulation (EU) 2022/263: (a) to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the specified territories, or (b) for use in the specified territories. Annex II shall include certain goods and technologies suited for use in the following key sectors: (i) transport;(ii) telecommunications;(iii) energy; (iv) the prospecting, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources. The prohibitions in point II above shall be without prejudice to the execution until 24 August 2022 of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before 23 February 2022, or from ancillary contracts necessary for the execution of such contracts, provided that the competent authority has been informed at least five working days in advance.

Binding Tariff Information

BTI classification examples

PLgold5-000603

Contemporary hand-painted oil paintings

farby olejneGRI 1GRI 6

FRgold24-02933

Intarsia wooden wall art panels

woodGRI 1GRI 6

DEgold218/25-1

Decorative slate plaque with wood and felt collage

łupek (schiefer)GRI 1GRI 6

DEgold835/25-1

Decorative collage-like artwork with seashells

muszle morskie (naturalne)GRI 1GRI 6

FRgold25-02961

Handmade wall decoration with stabilized plants

stabilizowane rośliny naturalneGRI 1GRI 6

BTI (Binding Tariff Information) is an official EU customs decision confirming the classification of goods. Valid for 3 years, binding across all EU member states.

Classification and scope

CN code 970191 covers paintings, drawings, and pastels, executed entirely by hand, original works of art including oil paintings, watercolours, pencil drawings, and mixed media.

Regulatory requirements and cultural heritage

Import is subject to Regulation (EU) 2019/880 on cultural goods. Import licences required for cultural goods over 200 years old. UNESCO 1970 Convention applies. VAT margin scheme may be used.

Trade and import

Original artworks benefit from zero or reduced duty rates. Reduced VAT rates may apply. Transport requires specialist packaging and insurance.

Classification and import of original paintings drawings - subheading CN 9701 91

Subheading CN 9701 91 covers original paintings drawings. When importing into the EU, verify applicable duty rates in TARIC, check CE marking requirements (if applicable), and prepare the required customs documentation. Tariff classification should be based on the General Rules of Interpretation (GIR) of the Combined Nomenclature. If classification is uncertain, applying for Binding Tariff Information (BTI) from the competent customs authority is recommended. Also verify whether the product is subject to import restrictions, sanctions, or licensing requirements.

Frequently asked questions

What duty rate applies to artworks?

Original artworks under heading 9701 benefit from zero or reduced customs duty in most EU countries.

Does painting import require a licence?

Regulation (EU) 2019/880 requires import licences for cultural goods over 200 years old valued above EUR 18,000.

Is VAT margin scheme applied to artworks?

Yes. VAT Directive 2006/112/EC allows margin scheme for art sales, taxing only the dealer's margin.

How to correctly classify original paintings drawings under CN 9701 91?

Original paintings drawings are classified under subheading CN 9701 91 based on the GIR of the Combined Nomenclature. Key criteria are the material, intended use, and functional characteristics of the product. If in doubt, applying for a BTI ruling i

Useful tools & resources

Customs calculators

Duty & VAT CalculatorCalculate customs duty and VAT for "Paintings, drawing and pastels" and see the full import cost.Import Profitability CalculatorCheck the import profitability of "Paintings, drawing and pastels" with all costs included.

Related glossary terms

Customs Duty Customs Value MFN Rate