CN code 320416 covers reactive dyes and preparations based thereon. Reactive dyes form a covalent bond with the fibre, ensuring exceptional dyeing permanence. They are used primarily for dyeing cotton, viscose, and other cellulosic fibres, as well as wool and silk. They constitute the largest group of dyes used in the textile industry by volume. Reactive dyes contain reactive groups such as monochlorotriazine, dichlorotriazine, or vinyl sulphone. Classification under code 320416 requires confirmation of the reactive dyeing mechanism as defined in Note 3 to Chapter 32 of the Combined Nomenclature.

Import of reactive dyes is subject to full REACH requirements. Each substance must be registered with ECHA. Reactive azo dyes may release prohibited arylamines and are subject to Annex XVII REACH restrictions. Many reactive dyes are classified as respiratory sensitisers (H334) due to their ability to cause occupational asthma, which is a significant hazard for dye house workers. CLP labelling must reflect this classification. The Safety Data Sheet must contain detailed exposure scenarios. Transport in powder form requires protection from moisture and dusting.

Customs declarations for reactive dyes under CN code 320416 should include the Colour Index, CAS number, concentration, and intended use. Reactive dyes are one of the most dynamic segments of the dye market, with growing imports from China, India, and Turkey. Importers may benefit from GSP tariff preferences or trade agreements. Quality control is crucial and includes testing for arylamines, heavy metals, purity, and specification compliance. Reactive dyes are not subject to dual-use export controls.

When importing Reactive dyes and preparations (CN 3204 16) into the EU, VOC content regulations under Directive 2004/42/EC must be considered. Decorative paints and automotive refinish products have established VOC limits. CLP classification requires appropriate GHS pictogram labelling on packaging. Pigments containing heavy metals (lead, cadmium, chromium VI) are subject to strict REACH restrictions (Annex XVII). Importers must have SDS sheets and ensure labelling complies with destination country regulations. Conformity testing may include spectrometric analysis for composition verification.